The following sub-topics are covered in this section. 

(a) Level of organisation 

(b) Cell structure 

(c) Biological molecules 

(d) Movement of substances into and out of cells 

(e) Nutrition 

(f) Respiration 

(g) Gas exchange 

(h) Transport 

(i) Excretion 

(j) Co-ordination and response

Students should: 

2.34 understand how the process of respiration produces ATP in living organisms 

2.35 know that ATP provides energy for cells 

2.36 describe the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration 

2.37 know the word equation and the balanced chemical symbol equation for aerobic respiration in living organisms 

2.38 know the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and in animals 

2.39 practical: investigate the evolution of carbon dioxide and heat from respiring seeds or other suitable living organisms